Mukund R Karanjikar

US Patent:

8647492, Feb 11, 2014

Filed:

Jul 21, 2010

Appl. No.:

12/840913

Inventors:

Mukund Karanjikar - West Valley UT, US
Sai Bhavaraju - West Jordan UT, US
Ashok V. Joshi - Salt Lake City UT, US
Pallavi Chitta - West Valley UT, US
David Joel Hunt - Ogden UT, US

Assignee:

Ceramatec, Inc. - Salt Lake City UT

International Classification:

C25B 3/10
C25B 3/00

US Classification:

205462, 205415

Abstract:

A method that produces coupled radical products from biomass. The method involves obtaining a lipid or carboxylic acid material from the biomass. This material may be a carboxylic acid, an ester of a carboxylic acid, a triglyceride of a carboxylic acid, or a metal salt of a carboxylic acid, or any other fatty acid derivative. This lipid material or carboxylic acid material is converted into an alkali metal salt. The alkali metal salt is then used in an anolyte as part of an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may include an alkali ion conducting membrane (such as a NaSICON membrane). When the cell is operated, the alkali metal salt of the carboxylic acid decarboxylates and forms radicals. Such radicals are then bonded to other radicals, thereby producing a coupled radical product such as a hydrocarbon. The produced hydrocarbon may be, for example, saturated, unsaturated, branched, or unbranched, depending upon the starting material.

US Patent:

20100307052, Dec 9, 2010

Filed:

Jun 3, 2009

Appl. No.:

12/477450

Inventors:

James F. Stevens - Katy TX, US
Mukund R. Karanjikar - Sandy UT, US
Kerry K. Spilker - Houston TX, US
Douglas Gene Naae - Sugar Land TX, US
Dennis P. Essl - Sugar Land TX, US
Peter Charles Ricci - Spring TX, US
Zoran Mirkovic - Pearland TX, US
Thomas M. Vu - Houston TX, US
Stephen J. Decanio - Richmond TX, US
Jerry M. Rovner - Houston TX, US
Jason C. Hicks - Katy TX, US

Assignee:

Texaco Inc. - San Ramon CA

International Classification:

C10L 1/18

US Classification:

44436

Abstract:

The instant invention pertains to new processes which produce an energy source effectively, efficiently, and in a more environmentally friendly manner. The process comprises hydrolyzing a lignocellulosic feedstock to form lignocellulosic hydrolyzate and a hydrolyzate residue. The lignocellulosic hydrolyzate is treated to produce hydrogen. The hydrolyzate residue may be reacted with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst to yield the energy source.

US Patent:

20110024288, Feb 3, 2011

Filed:

Jul 21, 2010

Appl. No.:

12/840401

Inventors:

Sai Bhavaraju - West Jordan UT, US
Mukund Karanjikar - West Valley UT, US
Ashok V. Joshi - Salt Lake City UT, US
David Joel Hunt - Ogden UT, US
Pallavi Chitta - West Valley UT, US

International Classification:

C25B 9/00

US Classification:

204252

Abstract:

A method that produces coupled radical products from biomass. The method involves obtaining a lipid or carboxylic acid material from the biomass. This material may be a carboxylic acid, an ester of a carboxylic acid, a triglyceride of a carboxylic acid, or a metal salt of a carboxylic acid, or any other fatty acid derivative. This lipid material or carboxylic acid material is converted into an alkali metal salt. The alkali metal salt is then used in an anolyte as part of an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may include an alkali ion conducting membrane (such as a NaSICON membrane). When the cell is operated, the alkali metal salt of the carboxylic acid decarboxylates and forms radicals. Such radicals are then bonded to other radicals, thereby producing a coupled radical product such as a hydrocarbon. The produced hydrocarbon may be, for example, saturated, unsaturated, branched, or unbranched, depending upon the starting material.

US Patent:

20110168569, Jul 14, 2011

Filed:

Jul 21, 2010

Appl. No.:

12/840508

Inventors:

Sai Bhavaraju - West Jordan UT, US
Mukund Karanjikar - West Valley UT, US
Ashok V. Joshi - Salt Lake City UT, US
David Joel Hunt - Ogden UT, US
Pallavi Chitta - West Valley UT, US

International Classification:

C25B 3/10

US Classification:

205462

Abstract:

A method that produces coupled radical products from biomass. The method involves obtaining a lipid or carboxylic acid material from the biomass. This material may be a carboxylic acid, an ester of a carboxylic acid, a triglyceride of a carboxylic acid, or a metal salt of a carboxylic acid, or any other fatty acid derivative. This lipid material or carboxylic acid material is converted into an alkali metal salt. The alkali metal salt is then used in an anolyte as part of an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may include an alkali ion conducting membrane (such as a NaSICON membrane). When the cell is operated, the alkali metal salt of the carboxylic acid decarboxylates and forms radicals. Such radicals are then bonded to other radicals, thereby producing a coupled radical product such as a hydrocarbon. The produced hydrocarbon may be, for example, saturated, unsaturated, branched, or unbranched, depending upon the starting material.

US Patent:

20110226633, Sep 22, 2011

Filed:

Apr 22, 2011

Appl. No.:

13/092685

Inventors:

Sai Bhavaraju - , US
Mukund Karanjikar - West Valley UT, US

International Classification:

C25B 3/00

US Classification:

205462

Abstract:

An aryl-alkyl (R—Ar) hydrocarbon is prepared by an electrosynthesis process in an electrolytic cell having an alkali ion conductive membrane positioned between an anolyte compartment configured with an anode and a catholyte compartment configured with a cathode. An anolyte solution containing an alkali metal salt of an alkyl carboxylic acid and an aryl compound is introduced into the anolyte compartment. The aryl compound may include an alkali metal salt of an aryl carboxylic acid, an arene (aromatic) hydrocarbon, or an aryl alkali metal adduct (ArM). The anolyte solution undergoes electrolytic decarboxylation to form an alkyl radical. The alkyl radical reacts with the aryl compound to produce the aryl-alkyl hydrocarbon.

US Patent:

20120304530, Dec 6, 2012

Filed:

May 23, 2012

Appl. No.:

13/479057

Inventors:

Pallavi Chitta - West Valley UT, US
Mukund Karanjikar - West Valley UT, US

International Classification:

C10L 1/18
B01J 23/74
B01J 23/75
B01J 21/00
B01J 23/755

US Classification:

44307, 502 74, 502258, 502327, 502259, 502260, 502326

Abstract:

A method for upgrading pyrolysis oil into a hydrocarbon fuel involves obtaining a quantity of pyrolysis oil, separating the pyrolysis oil into an organic phase and an aqueous phase, and then upgrading the organic phase into a hydrocarbon fuel by reacting the organic phase with hydrogen gas using a catalyst. The catalyst used in the reaction includes a support material, an active metal and a zirconia promoter material. The support material may be alumina, silica gel, carbon, silicalite or a zeolite material. The active metal may be copper, iron, nickel or cobalt. The zirconia promoter material may be zirconia itself, zirconia doped with Y, zirconia doped with Sc and zirconia doped with Yb.

US Patent:

20130001095, Jan 3, 2013

Filed:

Sep 12, 2012

Appl. No.:

13/612192

Inventors:

Sai Bhavaraju - West Jordan UT, US
Mukund Karanjikar - West Valley UT, US
Ashok V. Joshi - Salt Lake City UT, US
David Joel Hunt - Monticello IL, US
Pallavi Chitta - West Valley UT, US

International Classification:

C25B 3/04

US Classification:

205340, 205462

Abstract:

A method that produces coupled radical products. The method involves obtaining a sodium salt of a carboxylic acid. The alkali metal salt is then used in an anolyte as part of an electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell may include an alkali ion conducting membrane (such as a NaSICON membrane) that separates an anolyte compartment housing the anolyte from a catholyte compartment housing a catholyte. The anolyte includes a first solvent or mixture of solvents and a quantity of the sodium salt of the carboxylic acid. When the cell is operated, the alkali metal salt of the carboxylic acid decarboxylates and forms radicals. Such radicals are then bonded to other radicals, thereby producing a coupled radical product such as a hydrocarbon.

US Patent:

20130186770, Jul 25, 2013

Filed:

Mar 8, 2013

Appl. No.:

13/790744

Inventors:

Sai Bhavaraju - West Jordan UT, US
Mukund Karanjikar - West Valley City UT, US

Assignee:

CERAMATEC, INC. - Salt Lake City UT

International Classification:

C25B 3/10
C25B 9/08

US Classification:

205434, 204252, 205440, 205435, 204242

Abstract:

A method for converting carboxylic acids (including carboxylic acids derived from biomass) into hydrocarbons. The produced hydrocarbons will generally have at least two oxygen containing substituents (or other substituents). In one example of application, the electrolysis converts alkali salts of carboxylic acids into diols which can then be used as solvents or be dehydrated to produce dienes, which can then be used to produce elastic polymeric materials. This process allows custom synthesis of high value chemicals from renewable feed stocks such as carboxylic acids derived from biomass.