Abstract:
A single crystal perovskite material is provided having the formula, M. sub. alpha. Bi. sub. beta. M'. sub. gamma. M". sub. delta. O. sub. 3. +-. z, where M is one or more of Na, K, Rb and Cs; M' is one or more of Ca, Sr, Ba, Pb, Y, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu; and M" is one or more of Ti, Zr, Hf, Sn, Ge, Mg, Zn, Al, Sc, Ga, Nb, Mo, Sb, Ta and W; where z. ltoreq. 1; 0. 9. ltoreq. delta. ltoreq. 1. 1;. alpha. ,. beta. and. gamma. are greater than zero; and (. alpha. +. beta. +. gamma. ) is in the range of about 0. 75 to 1. 1. A perovskite material of the formula, Na. sub. omega. M. sub. alpha. Bi. sub. beta. M'. sub. gamma. M". sub. delta. O. sub. 3. +-. z, is provided where M is one or more of K, Rb and Cs; M' is one or more of Ca, Sr, Ba, Pb, Y, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Th, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu; M" is one or more of Ti, Zr, Hf, Sn, Ge, Mg, Zn, Al, Sc, Ga, Nb, Mo, Sb, Ta and W; where z. ltoreq. 1; 0. 9. ltoreq. delta. ltoreq. 1. 1;. alpha. ,. beta. and. gamma. are greater than zero; and (. alpha. +. beta. +. gamma. ) is in the range of about 0. 75 to 1. 1.