Erling L Lien

US Patent:

55897363, Dec 31, 1996

Filed:

May 4, 1994

Appl. No.:

8/237731

Inventors:

Erling L. Lien - Los Altos CA
Arthur Karp - Palo Alto CA

Assignee:

Communications and Power Industries, Inc. - Palo Alto CA

International Classification:

H01J 2502

US Classification:

315 543

Abstract:

The frequency of an AC signal is multiplied by a factor N, where N is an integer greater than one, by an electron tube including a cathode for emitting an electron beam and a grid including N segments in proximity to the cathode. The grid is biased and coupled to the signal so the beam is formed as N groups of electron bunches during each cycle of the signal. Each segment accelerates one group of bunches for a duration of about 1/N th of each cycle of the signal. Different groups of bunches associated with the different segments are accelerated at phases displaced from each other during each cycle of the signal. In response to the N groups of bunches an output signal having a frequency N times that of the signal is derived.

US Patent:

53172337, May 31, 1994

Filed:

Apr 13, 1990

Appl. No.:

7/508442

Inventors:

Erling Lien - Los Altos CA
Arthur Karp - Palo Alto CA

Assignee:

Varian Associates, Inc. - Palo Alto CA

International Classification:

H01J 2502
H01J 2336

US Classification:

315 5370

Abstract:

A vacuum tube for amplifying an r. f. signal includes an assembly containing a cathode and grid for current modulating an electron beam derived from the cathode. One of the electrodes of the assembly includes a slow wave structure approximately resonant to the frequency of the signal. A cavity resonant to the frequency of the signal, positioned between the grid and a collector for the beam, is coupled to the beam. In one embodiment, the slow-wave structure is mounted in a support for the grid, while in a second embodiment, the grid is configured as plural, parallel meander lines forming the slow-wave structure. In the latter embodiment, the beam is preferably annular and the meander line geometry, in certain modifications, is adjusted so that there is a relatively small electric-field variation with radius over the portion of the grid through which the annular beam passes. In a further embodiment, the grid is configured as two interlaced spirals, driven by complementary replicas of the r. f. signal so the beam is formed at twice the frequency of the r. f. signal.

US Patent:

40964060, Jun 20, 1978

Filed:

May 10, 1976

Appl. No.:

5/684689

Inventors:

George Valentine Miram - Atherton CA
Erling Louis Lien - Los Altos CA

Assignee:

Varian Associates, Inc. - Palo Alto CA

International Classification:

H01J 146
H01J 152
H01J 1704
H01J 1938

US Classification:

313348

Abstract:

For a grid-controlled electron source to operate at extremely high frequencies, as in planar triodes, the control grid must be situated very close to the emissive cathode. Mechanical and thermal distortions have put minimum limits on grid spacings and hence on the maximum operating frequency of grid-controlled tubes. To overcome these limits the grid structure is formed as a network of web members which are part of a laminated sheet having metal layers bonded to opposite surfaces of an insulating layer. One metal layer is affixed to the emissive surface of a metallic matrix cathode and the other metal layer forms the control grid.

US Patent:

39671500, Jun 29, 1976

Filed:

Jan 31, 1975

Appl. No.:

5/545867

Inventors:

Erling L. Lien - Los Altos CA
George V. Miram - Atherton CA
Richard B. Nelson - Los Altos Hills CA

Assignee:

Varian Associates - Palo Alto CA

International Classification:

H01J 120
H01J 1914

US Classification:

313338

Abstract:

A grid-controlled electron source comprises an apertured grid spaced in front of a thermionic cathode. Areas of the cathode directly behind the grid conductors are made non-emissive by a bonded surface layer of non-emissive material such as zirconium. On porous metal cathodes impregnated with active emitting material the metal surface may be sealed with a dense layer of inactive metal under the non-emissive layer to prevent chemical reaction of the latter with the emitting material. Methods of depositing the surface layers in the desired pattern include coating the cathode's entire large-scale surface contour, followed by machining small concave dimples into the surface, thereby removing the non-emissive layer from the dimpled surfaces from which small beamlets of electrons are focused between the grid conductors without grid interception. Another method is to mask the desired non-emissive areas with an apertured mask having solid elements registered with the desired positions of the grid conductors. The surface behind the mask apertures is coated with an inactive powder, then the mask is removed and the non-emissive layer or layers deposited in the uncoated, previously masked paths.

US Patent:

52332691, Aug 3, 1993

Filed:

Apr 13, 1990

Appl. No.:

7/508611

Inventors:

Erling L. Lien - Los Altos CA

Assignee:

Varian Associates, Inc. - Palo Alto CA

International Classification:

H01J 2502
H01J 2336

US Classification:

315 537

Abstract:

A high-frequency amplifier tube includes a grid that responds to an r. f. input signal to current modulate a linear electron beam derived from a cathode. A resonant structure establishes an electric field in a region between the grid and cathode. First and second resonant cavities downstream of the grid in the named order are coupled to the modulated electron beam. The first cavity responds to the r. f. signal to velocity modulate the current-modulated beam. The second cavity is coupled to the current- and velocity-modulated beam for deriving an output signal. An AC connection from a source of the input signal is established to transformer coupling in the first cavity. A phase-shift circuit adjusts the relative phase of the modulation on the beam as it passes through the first cavity and the phase of the r. f. signal as coupled to the first cavity so that fields induced in the cavity by the modulated beam are optimally phased with respect to fields established in the first cavity by the transformer coupling. The phase-shift circuit is connected between the first cavity and the resonant structure or between the second cavity and the resonant structure.

US Patent:

41587910, Jun 19, 1979

Filed:

Feb 10, 1977

Appl. No.:

5/767239

Inventors:

Erling L. Lien - Los Altos CA
Allan W. Scott - Los Altos CA

Assignee:

Varian Associates, Inc. - Palo Alto CA

International Classification:

H01J 2534

US Classification:

315 35

Abstract:

To suppress spurious oscillations in a helix-type traveling wave tube (TWT), frequency-sensitive loading is produced by a lossy resonant circuit attached to a dielectric support and coupled to the fields of the interaction circuit. The lossy circuit is resonant near the band-edge frequency. It may be a section of delay line with reflective terminations. In one embodiment, it is a metallized pattern on a dielectric rod used to support the helix.

US Patent:

53152107, May 24, 1994

Filed:

May 12, 1992

Appl. No.:

7/882141

Inventors:

Erling L. Lien - Los Altos CA

Assignee:

Varian Associates, Inc. - Palo Alto CA

International Classification:

H01J 2500

US Classification:

315 539

Abstract:

A super-power, high voltage klystron includes an output cavity operating in the TM. sub. 01x mode, where x is greater than zero.

US Patent:

56989490, Dec 16, 1997

Filed:

Mar 28, 1995

Appl. No.:

8/413034

Inventors:

Erling L. Lien - Los Altos CA
Heinz Bohlen - Mountain View CA

Assignee:

Communications & Power Industries, Inc. - Palo Alto CA

International Classification:

H01J 2307
H01J 2514

US Classification:

135 531

Abstract:

An inductive output tube, e. g. , a KLYSTRODE, or a klystron, has a substantially hollow electron beam traversing a resonant cavity excited to the TM. sub. 0x0 mode, where x is greater than 1.